升级Python版本

CentOs上升级/安装 Python3

需求3.6->3.10

安装工具和依赖

yum -y groupinstall Development tools
yum -y install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gdbm-devel db4-devel libpcap-devel xz-devel expat-devel
yum install -y libffi-devel zlib1g-dev
yum install zlib* -y

升级GCC版本

安装 CentOS 软件集和编译工具链

yum install -y centos-release-scl

yum install -y devtoolset-8-toolchain

启动新的工具链

scl enable devtoolset-8 bash

下载python3.10

cd software

wget http://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.10.13/Python-3.10.13.tgz

解压

tar zxvf Python-3.10.13.tgz

查看原python安装在那里

which python3

image-20231108092724373

备份并修改原python

新安装Python不需要此步骤

cd /usr/bin
ls | grep python

image-20231108092855771

mv python3 python3.0

安装Python

回到刚刚解压Python的位置

image-20231108100759950

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3 --with-openssl=/usr/bin/openssl --enable-shared --enable-optimizations

# 编译并安装
make && make altinstall # 如果是第一次安装，使用make install即可

耐心等待一段时间

image-20231108105349198

创建软链接

创建软链接，将 /usr/local/python3/bin/python3.10 关联到 /usr/bin/python3，使 python3 命令可用

ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3.10 /usr/bin/python3

创建软链接，将 /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3.10 关联到 /usr/bin/pip3，使 pip3 命令可用

ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3.10 /usr/bin/pip3

验证python是否正常

echo "/usr/local/python3/lib" >> /etc/ld.so.conf

ldconfig -v

[root@main bin]# python3
Python 3.10.13 (main, Nov  8 2023, 10:48:28) [GCC 8.3.1 20190311 (Red Hat 8.3.1-3)] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.